Background and purpose: Lung injury is one of the most important diseases, which is accompanied by hypoxemia, organ failure, and a high mortality rate. There are several symptoms and causes of lung injuries. In the past years, special attention has been given to investigating the pathophysiology and the treatment of this disease. Octreotide, as an anti-inflammatory, anti-secretory, tissue-repairing, and anti-fibrotic drug, has been considered and administered for the treatment of lung injury. This review article considered the pharmacological effects of octreotide on physiopathological conditions in patients or animal models that have direct or indirect lung injury. Search strategy and findings: Keywords including “octreotide” OR “sandostatin” AND “lung injury” OR “ARDS” OR “respiratory distress” OR “lung fibrosis” were searched in the database of PubMed, and 44 articles were found. According to the direct or indirect lung injury, the articles were classified. Conclusion: It appears that octreotide is a protective drug for the treatment of direct and indirect lung injuries, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, anti-hypersecretory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-neutrophil permeability effects, while also increasing endogenous antioxidants. However, there is still room for extensive research to fully clarify the effectiveness of octreotide for direct or indirect lung injury.

Background Acute lung injury (ALI) is defined as PaO2/FiO2 less than 300 with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, without pressure is the top of the left atrium. Early diagnosis and treatment of pediatric ALI and find new cases is very important. Accurate diagnosis and effective steps to treating these patients is essential in the outcome of ALI. This study was conducted to show the impact of recruitment in the treatment of ALI patients. Materials and Methods This clinical trial study was conducted in Pediatric Educational-Medical center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (Tabriz, Iran) and 42 patients with ALI were enrolled. All patients were underwent echocardiography. The patients were divided in 2 groups randomly (intervention and control groups consisted of 21 patients for each group). Patients were followed for 6 months to be evaluated in terms of clinical status and mortality. Results Difference on level of PaO2 in intervention group was-26± 4 in comparison to the control group which was-4± 4 (P<0. 05). Difference on time of dependence on mechanical ventilation in intervention group was 8. 05± 3 in comparison to control group which was 11. 05± 8 (P<0. 05). Mortality rate of intervention group (28%) was lower than the control group (47%)(P<0. 05). Conclusion Implementation of recruitment could play an important role in decreasing of mortality in patients with acute lung injury.